Lenin died 1924. Many expected Trotsky (Red Army leader) to succeed. Lenin’s TESTAMENT said Stalin was unfit & backed Trotsky. Yet Stalin took power.
Secretary Stalin
Made GENERAL SECRETARY of Communist Party (1922); seemed an unimportant job but let Stalin place supporters in key roles.
Trotsky was Unpopular
• Brilliant but ARROGANT.
• Stalin misled him re Lenin’s FUNERAL → missed it → hurt reputation.
• Wanted WORLD REVOLUTION → many feared this would ruin USSR.
Played off Politburo Factions
The Politburo was split:
• Leftists (ZINOVIEV, KAMENEV) wanted world rev & end NEP (but disliked Trotsky).
• Rightists (BUKHARIN, RYKOV, TOMSKY) wanted NEP until USSR stronger.
Stalin manipulated both:
• 1924-25: Allied w. Zinoviev & Kamenev (‘TROIKA’) → covered up Lenin’s Will, got Trotsky dismissed.
• 1927: Promoted ‘Socialism in One Country’ → allied with Rightists → got ‘UNITED OPPOSITION’ of Zinoviev, Kamenev, Trotsky dismissed. Trotsky exiled (1928).
• 1929: Attacked NEP as uncommunist → got Bukharin, Rykov, Tomsky dismissed.
By 1929, Stalin had supreme power.
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